Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A
(Monthly)

2006   Vol. 7   Suppl. II   p. 362-365

Occurrence of imazalil-resistant biotype of Penicillium digitatum in China and the resistant molecular mechanism

Zhu Jin-Wen¹, Xie Qing-Yun², Li Hong-Ye^†‡2

(¹Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China)
(²Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China)
^‡ Corresponding Author
^†E-mail: hyli@zju.edu.cn
Received Mar. 2, 2006 revision accepted June 12, 2006

Abstract: Green mold caused by Penicillium digitatum (Pers.:Fr) Sacc. is one of the most important postharvest diseases of citrus fruits. Experiments were conducted to determine the occurrence of resistance of P. digitatum to imazalil in China. Four imazalil-Resistant (R) isolates were identified from 189 isolates of P. digitatum. The highest EC₅₀ of an imazalil-R isolate was 0.578 mg/L, 29 times higher than that of the most imazalil-sensitive (S) isolate, suggesting that imazalil-R biotype of P. digtatum had occurred in China. In vitro assessment indicated that the imazalil-R isolates were not significantly different from imazalil-S isolates in their growth rate and sporulation, indicating that the imazalil-R biotype has competence similar to that of imazalil-S one and could co-exist with it in environment. To determine the mechanism of the resistance, CYP51 gene was amplified from P. digitatum genome and sequenced. The results revealed that a tandem repeat of four extra copies of a unique 126-bp sequence in the upstream promoter region of CYP51 gene present only in imazalil-R isolates, but not in imazalil-S isolates, implying this tandem repeat sequence may regulate the expression of CYP51 positively, and lead to the sensitivity decrease.

Key words: Penicillium digitatum, Citrus, Imazalil, Resistance, CYP51 gene
doi:10.1631/jzus.2006.AS0362             CLC number: S481+.4; S482.2+7; S436.661.1+2

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