Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B
ISSN 1673-1581(Print), 1862-1783(Online), Monthly

2007   Vol. 8   No. 7   p. 507~511

Simultaneous determination of fluoride, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, monofluorophosphate, glycerophosphate, sorbate, and saccharin in gargles by ion chromatography

ZHANG Yan-zhen^†1, ZHOU Yan-chun², LIU Li³, ZHU Yan^†‡4

(¹Department of Stomatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China)
(²Department of Stomatology, Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)
(³Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China)
(⁴Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China)
^‡ Corresponding Author
^†E-mail: zyz85@hotmail.com; zhuyan@zju.edu.cn
Received May 9, 2007 revision accepted May 25, 2007

Abstract: Simple, reliable and sensitive analytical methods to determine anticariogenic agents, preservatives, and artificial sweeteners contained in commercial gargles are necessary for evaluating their effectiveness, safety, and quality. An ion chromatography (IC) method has been described to analyze simultaneously eight anions including fluoride, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, monofluorophosphate, glycerophosphate (anticariogenic agents), sorbate (a preservative), and saccharin (an artificial sweetener) in gargles. In this IC system, we applied a mobile phased gradient elution with KOH, separation by IonPac AS18 columns, and suppressed conductivity detection. Optimized analytical conditions were further evaluated for accuracy. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the inter-day’s retention time and peak area of all species were less than 0.938% and 8.731%, respectively, while RSDs of 5-day retention time and peak area were less than 1.265% and 8.934%, respectively. The correlation coefficients for targeted analytes ranged from 0.999 7 to 1.000 0. The spiked recoveries for the anions were 90%~102.5%. We concluded that the method can be applied for comprehensive evaluation of commercial gargles.

Key words: Ion chromatography, Anions, Gargles, Monofluorophosphate, Sorbate, Saccharin
doi:10.1631/jzus.2007.B0507             CLC number: R78

References:

[1] Chen, Y., Ye, M., Cui, H., Wu, F., Zhu, Y., Fritz, J.S., 2006. Determination of glycerophosphate and other anions in dentifrices by ion chromatography. J. Chromat. A, 1118(1):155-159.

[2] Forward, G.C., 1994. Non-fluoride anticaries agents. Adv. Dent. Res., 8(2):208-214.

[3] Fujiwara, T., Mohammadzai, I.U., Inoue, H., Kumamaru, T., 2000. Chemiluminescence determination of iodide and/or iodine using a luminol-hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride reversed micelle system following on-line oxidation and extraction. Analyst, 125(4):759-763.

[4] Huang, H., Cheng, J., Tian, H., 2006. RP-HPLC determination of two constituents compound gargarisma tetracaini. Chin. J. Pharm. Anal., 26(7):968-970 (in Chinese).

[5] Jaworska, M., Szulinska, Z., Wilk, M., Anuszewska, E., 2005. Separation of synthetic food colourants in the mixed micellar system application to pharmaceutical analysis. J. Chromat. A, 1081(1-2):42-47.

[6] Liu, Y., Srinivasan, K., Pohl, C., Avdalovic, N., 2004. Recent developments in electrolytic devices for ion chromatography. J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods, 60(3):205-232.

[7] Reid, M., Edwards, N., Sturgeon, K.V., Murray, V., 2007. Adverse health effects arising from chemicals found in food and drink reported to the national poisons information centre (London), 1998~2003. Food Control, 18(7): 783-787.

[8] Stookey, G.K., DePaola, P.F., Featherstone, J.D., Fejerskov, O., Moller, I.J., Rotberg, S., Stephen, K.W., Wefel, J.S., 1993. A critical review of the relative anticaries efficacy of sodium fluoride and sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrices. Caries Res., 27(4):337-360.

[9] Wang, L.H., Tsai, S.J., 2001. Voltammetric behavior of chlorhexidine at film mercury electrodes and its determination in cosmetics and oral hygiene products. Anal. Chim. Acta, 441(1):107-116.